Comparative Performance and Evaluation of Two Molecular Assays and Conventional Detection of Theileria annulata in Bovines

Background: Theileria annulata is predominant and of utmost economical importance tick borne pathogen bovines in the region which routinely diagnosed based on microscopic examination Romanowsky stained thin blood smears. Present study was intended to evaluate analyze detection efficacy a commercial polymerase chain reaction kit assay comparison conventional PCR classical microscopy for T. from samples Punjab state. Methods: In this comparative 360 bovine various districts agro-climatic zones were first screened by Giemsa-stained smear (GSTBS) examination. The same panel tested Bovi-TheiDX (Genext Genomics) (PCR1) established targeting merozoite piroplasm surface antigen (Tams1) gene (PCR2). Result: Out screened, positivity GSTBS found be 12.5% (45/360) with sensitivity 37.20% specificity 96.00% when compared (PCR1), difference statistically significant (p less than .0001). prevalence PCR1 29.70% (107/360) PCR2 33.90% (122/360) showed .0001) difference. Tams1 (PCR2) more sensitive (84.6%) 0.001) (69.7%).